The PERTURBATION method is an approximation scheme with a solvable leading order. The stANDard way is to choose a non-interacting sector for the leading order. The adaptive PERTURBATION method improves the solvable part by using all diagonal elements for a Fock state. We consider the harmonic oscillator with the interacting term, λ1x4/6 + λ2x6/120, where λ1 AND λ2 are coupling constants, AND x is the position operator. The spectrum shows a quantitative result from the second-order, less than 1 percent error, compared to a numerical solution when turning off the λ2. When we turn on the λ2, more deviation occurs, but the error is still less than 2 percent. We show a quantitative result beyond a weak-coupling region. Our study should provide interest in the holographic principle AND strongly coupled boundary theory.

Objective: Falling is a main cause of mortality in older adults. Balance training can help to prevent falls in older adults. Therefore, according to the principle of specificity of training, the PERTURBATION-based trainings are more similar to the real situations. So these training programs can improve the lack of balance in older adults. So, the aim of this study is comparing the effectiveness of two different balance trainings on static AND dynamic balance in elderly women.Methods AND Materials: 38 old women (age 65-80), were assigned to the following groups: PERTURBATION-based training (n=13), non-PERTURBATION-based training (n= 12) AND control (n= 13), using rANDom assignment. Static AND dynamic balance have been tested before AND after the eight weeks of training by the postural stability test of the Biodex balance system using dynamic (level 4) AND static platform. The data were analyzed by one sample paired t-test, independent t test, AND ANOVA.Results: There was a significant improvement for all indexes of static AND dynamic balance in PERTURBATION training group (p<0.05). However, in non-perturbed group, all indexes were improved except ML (p>0.05). ANOVA showed that the PERTURBATION-based training was more effective for ML index of both static AND dynamic balance abilities.Conclusions: The findings confirmed the specificity principle of training. Although general balance training can improve balance abilities, these kinds of trainings are not such specific for improving balance neuromuscular activities. So the PERTURBATION-based trainings can activate postural compensatory responses especially in mediolateral balance AND so reduce falling risk. According to results, we can conclude that the PERTURBATION-based programs will be useful for rehabilitation interventions in elderly women.

One may say that The Open Society AND Its Enemies (OS) offered in 1945 the first complete elaboration of the general approach proposed by Karl Popper, namely his ‘critical rationalism’, a bold generalization of the fallibilist falsificationism in the domain of the empirical sciences masterly proposed in Logik der Forschung (1934). The political content of The OS has been critically discussed. Nevertheless, not all people insist on the equally important moral dimension of the book, giving it its unity, I submit. Without morality, no critical discussion, no reason, no open society, let us say in a nutshell. I would argue that according to Popper, a strictly Christian morality of love would not be the appropriate emotional companion of critical rationalism, but that the less demANDing moral emotion of sympathy or compassion is perhaps necessary to give it its force against violence. I give some support to this line of argument. In my view, Popper proposed a somewhat unarticulated critical rationalist ‘emotivism’ of sorts. The emotion of compassion is necessary for triggering our moral decisions AND values, which are the ultimate basis of the choice for a reason against violence.

Background: OBSERVATIONal learning is an effective pedagogical approach that can be used as a method to improve motor skill acquisition AND also a useful instrument to promote psychological variables such as self-efficacy by emphasizing the motivational aspect. Although, little research is known about the model type AND the OBSERVATION conditions which will optimize learning. Aim: This study aimed to clarify the effect of using a combination of ideal model-OBSERVATION AND self-OBSERVATION on self-efficacy AND learning the forehAND service of table tennis. Materials AND Methods: Forty females were assigned to one of four experimental groups. All groups received the same instructions concerning how to perform the task, filled out a self-efficacy questionnaire, AND then performed 10 pre-test trials. The acquisition phase included six sessions. The retention test was done 72 hours after the last acquisition session. Mixed ANOVA with repeated measures AND Bonferroni post hoc tests were conducted, AND one-way ANOVA was used to determine group significant differences. Results: The results indicated that observing the combination of skilled AND learning models led to the highest self-efficacy for learning, compare with other experimental models. Also, significant learning of the task was shown in the acquisition phase in which the performance of all three experimental groups was clearly superior to the control group. Although in this phase there was no significant difference between the performances of two groups of combined skilled-learning AND skilled. The results of the delayed retention test indicated that the performance scores of the combined skilled-learning group were significantly higher than the other three groups. Also, in this phase, the difference between the combined skilled self-OBSERVATION AND control or skilled groups was not significant. Conclusion: Demonstrating a skilled model is the most popular type of OBSERVATIONal learning among the instructors AND physical education teachers, it is suggested that adding a learning model to that leads to better performance AND enhancing the self-efficacy.